Hair waving device



y 9 D. LAKENBACH 9 3 HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed June 8, 1935 &

11v VEN TOR A TTORIVEY Patented May 1, 1934- HAIR WAVENG DEVICE York Application June 8, 1933, Serial No. 674,786

9 Claims.

The present invention embodies, in part, improvements upon certain apparatus shown and described in my application Serial No. 650,084, filed January 4, i933, and relates to a devise used in carrying out methods of imparting a socalled permanent wave to human hair. The present invention contemplates the provision of an apparatus for carrying out methods of permanent waving including all of the known 19 types as well as that forming the subject matter of the above identified application.

The particular object of my present invention is to provide a novel apparatus extremely simple in construction and capable of being used with 5 a minimum of expert skill, the apparatus being so designed as to contribute in a large measure to the facility of application of the hair to be waved to the devices necessary in carrying out any of the well known methods of permanent waving.

A particular object of my invention is to provide a clamping device or so-called protector which enables even the unskilled operator to properly secure the tress of hair to be wound within such clamping device. Besides the advantages of my novel protector over those of the prior art, as enumerated in my application hereinabove referred to, including the elimination of the necessity of using a clip to secure the steam tightness necessary to protect the scalp, or a felt protector for the same purpose,

or a bakelite or hard rubber shield for like purposes, the device of my present invention presents advantages which will be apparent to those skilled in the art when taken in conjunction with the explanation and description hereinafter.

In my application hereinabove referred to, I have described a clamping device or protector providing a recess therein for accommodating a bunched tress of hair such clamping device to be used in conjunction with a mechanism for accomplishing the winding of the hair upon a curler rod in substantially automatic fashion. The present invention is concerned primarily with the construction of a protector whereby new and novel results are obtained and certain disadvantages of prior art structures are entirely eliminated.

Among those disadvantages may be mentioned 59 the fact that in all prior devices comprising clamping members to form a protector, the two cooperating elements of the protector were utilized to clamp between them a tress of hair by a mechanical action which may be described as a scissors-squeezing action, i. e., the tress of hair is placed into the vertex of the angle formed by the cooperating meeting edges of the two elements of the protector, the tress of hair being squeezed away from the vertex as the meeting edges of the protector are brought into contiguous relationship. In other words, in the laymans parlance, the tress or" hair bunches outwardly from the vertex of the angle formed by the protector elements. Due to this mechanical action, it has been impossible to obtain the proper positioning of the tress of hair within the cooperating elements of the protector.

In connection with my novel protector device, I have so designed the cooperating meeting edges of the clamping elements forming the protector that the above mentioned scissors-squeezing action is eliminated, there being substituted therefor a distinct pressing action so as to prevent the slippage of the tress of hair from the vertex of the angle formed by the cooperating meeting edges or" the clamping elements of the protector. In connection with the description hereinafter, it will be noted that there is no actual vertex of an angle in my device, as the construction of my portector is such that I provide a complete enclosure for the tress of hair substantially steam tight and having two bearing sides as well as two pressure sides. In order to obtain this novel result, I find it advisable to join the elements of the bracket comprising the protector by an off-center pivot so as to obtain thereby a cam action, to appear more clearly from the description hereinafter. This novel cam action is principally responsible for the pressing action obtained by means of my novel device as distinguished from the squeezing or" the tress of hair. The proper distribution of the entire strand of hair within the enclosure formed by the two bearing sides and the two pressure sides is thus obtained.

Various other specific advantages are present in my novel construction all of which will be explained in conjunction with the description of the various parts thereof.

My present invention also contemplates the provision of a curling rod of the type shown and described in my pending application hereinabove referred to with certain refinements of construction in the design of its head cooperating with the protector and also in its construction so as to accommodate within the curler rod proper an externally independent heater element, the latter being a novel feature of my invention more particularly described and claimed in my copending application Serial No. 685,684, filed August 18, 1933.

In the accompanying drawing forming part of the specification, I have shown a particular embodiment of my invention by way of illustration rather than by way of limitation. In such drawing,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of my novel clamping device or protector showing the clamping members in their open position;

Fig. 2 is a side view of my novel device in such open position;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the protector with the clamping members in their closed position;

Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the protector;

Fig. 5 shows the protector with the curling rod attached hereto; and

Fig. 6 shows the device of Fig. 5 with my novel heating unit in position within the curling rod.

Referring more particularly to the drawing in which similar reference characters identify similar parts in the several views, 10 designates one of the clamping elements of my protector device, and 11 the other said clamping elements, the latter being pivotally connected to the member 10 at 12. It will be noted that the pivot point 12 is off the center of the two cooperating clamping elements and that the meeting edges of the two elements, as clearly appears from Fig. 4, are not in a straight line. The clamping elements 10 and 11 are held together by a lever or latch device 13 pivoted to the member 11 at 14, this latch device 13 being of a length sufiicient to straddle substantially the entire width of the element 10 when the device is closed.

The clamping element 10 is preferably formed of a light sheet metal material, for instance, aluminum, comprising a rear face 15 having a recess 16 extending from one side edge thereof and a front face 1'7 having a similar recess 18 extending from one longitudinal edge thereof in proximate relationship with the recess 16 in the rear face of the element. The front face 17 has a portion thereof cut away at 19 to constitute one side of the recess into which the head of the curling rod is adapted to be inserted when the protector elements are in closed position. Contiguous with the recess 18 is a projection 20 adapted to ride over the front face 21 of the clamping element 11 when the two elements of the protector are brought to closed position. A portion of the front face of the clamping element 11 is cut away at 22, this cut portion and the portion 19 of the upper clamping element forming the opposite sides of the recess into which the head of the curling rod is adapted to be inserted when the protector is in closed position.

The front and rear face of the protector element 10 has passing therethrough, contiguous to the upper right hand corner thereof, a rivet 23 which is adapted to receive the hooked nose 24 of the latch lever 13 when such latch lever is brought to its position straddling the clamping element 10. The latch lever 13 is provided with a projection 25 to facilitate the movement thereof to its closed position. Such latch lever is also provided with a tension spring 26 secured at one end upon the pivot rivet 14. At the other end, such spring is slotted for sliding movement within the guide 27. The spring 26 acts as a retainer for the head of the curling rod which enters the recessed form by the cut away portions 19 and 21 of the clamping elements 10 and 11 respectively.

With the front and rear faces of each of the clamping elements 10 and 11, and positioned between the extremity of the off center cam and the projection 20 are provided bodies of resilient material, for instance, live gum rubber, 28 and 29. The body of resilient material 29 should be preferably somewhat larger than the body of material 28 so as to prevent the possibility of any portion of the strand of hair from getting within and being squeezed against the cam side adjacent the body of resilient material. The body of resilient material 28 is given a wedge-like surface so as to guide the strand of hair to its proper position against such body and to be retained in such position in the course of the pressing action hereinafter described.

It will be noted that when the clamping elements of my novel protector device are brought to closed position, the tress of hair clamped between such elements will be entirely retained within a four-walled enclosure formed by the two bearing sides, one constituted by the side of the cam face and the other by the depending portion of the rear face of the clamping element 10 and the projection 20, and the two pressure sides formed by the cooperating meeting edges of the two bodies of resilient material 28 and 29. Thus, when the tress of hair is placed between the clamping elements, it is only necessary to position the bunched strand against the face of the cam, the bunched tress being securely pressed into position, as distinguished from the scissor-like squeezing action hereinabove referred to, by the meeting of the clamping elements and the securing thereof together by means of the latch device 13. When the strand of hair has thus been clamped into position, the curling rod 30, by means of its head 31 is inserted into the recess formed between the cut away portions 19 and 22, a slight pressure of the curling rod against the curling spring being sufficient to enable the operator to have the slots 3232 of the head of the curling rod engage the edges of the front faces of the clamping elements. A slight pressure inwardly is sufficient to properly position the curling rod upon the portector device. The operation of winding the tress of hair upon the curling rod may then be proceeded with in the well known manner. The head 31 of the curling rod 30 is provided with a one-way ratchet by means of which the curling rod is rotatable in only one direction.

The portion of the curling rod head 31 between the slots 32-32 is tapered outwardly at each end in a manner to present a V-shaped configuration to such ends for facility of insertion of the head between the edges of the clamping elements, whereby a substantially automatic seating of the curling rod head into position upon the protector is obtained.

The construction of the clamping elements 10 and 11 of bent-over sheet material enables me to obtain a very desirable ventilating effect which is an important feature of my invention as it will be readily understood that since the protector is in close proximity to a heating unit of comportion of the protector and be condensed thereon or pass out through a portion thereof in a condensed, or at least, cool condition. This feature provides an added protection against the possibility of injury to the scalp by the escape of live steam from the device and the contact thereof with the scalp of the person whose hair is being waved.

The curling rod of my present invention differs from that shown and described in my pending application hereinabove first referred to in that it is internally recessed through substantially the length thereof, i. e., having an axial bore 33, to accommodate a heating unit 34 of my novel design such as that shown in outline in Fig. 6. Such a heating unit comprises a tubing of a diameter approximating that of the internal diameter of the recessed curling rod, so as to be frictionally held in the bore of the rod, the tubing containing therein, a heating element connected by wires to a suitable supply of electricity.

This type of heating unit is capable of application to a horizontal type of rod into which it may be placed from either end. The advantages of this feature will be evident to the skilled operator in the art of permanent waving as it gives him the necessary choice of inserting the heater from either end of the horizontal curling rod, depending upon which end of the rod is farthest from the scalp of the person whose hair is being waved, so as to further reduce the possibility of injuring the scalp.

I claim:

1. A split protector clamp of the class described having cooperating clamping elements connected pivotally together near one end of said clamp by means of an oil-center pivot and cam, a yielding gripping element on one of said clamping elements and an abutment upon the other of said elements, said gripping element being adapted to press in a direction parallel to the sides of said clamping elements against said abutment when said clamping elements are closed upon a strand of hair, and a swinging latch device to connect the other ends of said clamping elements in closed relation.

2. A split protector clamp of the class described comprising a pair of clamping elements, means for connecting together said clamping elements swingingly near one end of said clamp, said means comprising a cam pivoted eccentrically with respect to the meeting edges of said clamping elements and each of said elements having a resilient gripping element at a region intermediate the ends of its inner clamping edge, said resilient gripping elements constituting, when in cooperating relation, a bipartite gripping device adapted to exert pressure upon a strand of hair interposed therebetween, and a swinging latch device to connect said clamping elements in closed relation.

3. A split protector clamp of the class described, comprising a pair of sheet metal clamping elements respectively U-shaped in cross-section and connected together pivotally near one end of the clamp, by means of an oiT-center pivot and cam, and each having a resilient gripping element embraced between its walls, said resilient elements constituting, when in co-operating relation, a bipartite gripping device adapted to exert pressure, in a direction parallel to the sides of said clamping elements, upon a strand of hair interposed therebetween, and a swinging latch device to connect said clamping elements in closed relation.

4. A split protector clamp as claimed in claim 3 and further characterized by having the-sheet metal walls of each clamping element spaced apart to promote ventilation.

5. A split protector clamp as claimed in claim 3 and further characterized by having said walls relieved at the region of gripping engagement by said gripping elements with said strand to avoid contact of said sheet metal with said strand.

6. A split protector clamp as claimed in claim 3 and in combination therewith, a curler mandrel having an attaching head with oppositely opening peripheral slots to receive the opposed adjacent inner marginal portions of the sheet metal walls at one side of said clamping members when in closed position.

'7. A split protector clamp as claimed in claim 3 and in combination therewith, a curler mandrel having an attaching head with oppositely opening peripheral slots to receive the opposed adjacent inner marginal portions of the sheet metal walls at one side of said clamping members when in closed position, said marginal portions being relieved to form an entrance opening to permit introduction thereto of said head by movement along the lengthwise axis of the mandrel, and being further relieved to form a restricted slot in extension of said entrance opening to permit sliding movement of said head into a position in which the adjacent marginal portions of said sheet metal walls enter said head slots.

8. A split protector clamp as claimed in claim 3 and in combination therewith, a curler mandrel having an attaching head with oppositely opening peripheral slots to receive the opposed adjacent inner marginal portions of the sheet metal walls at one side of said clamping members when in closed position, said marginal portions being relieved to form an entrance opening to permit introduction thereto of said head by movement along the lengthwise axis of the mandrel, and being further relieved to form a restricted slot in extension of said entrance opening to permit sliding movement of said head into a position in which the adjacent marginal portions of said sheet metal walls enter said head slots, said marginal portions having overlapping portions to limit said sliding movement inwardly, and a leaf spring mounted within said clamp opposite said entrance opening and adapted to be placed under compression by said head when entering said entrance opening, and to be released upon sliding movement of said head to its operative position thereafter occupying a position at the side of said head to prevent retrograde sliding movement of the head while said clamp is closed.

9. A split protector clamp of the class described comprising a pair of clamping elements connected together swingingly near one end of said clamp by means of an off-center pivot and cam, each of said clamping elements having a resilient gripping element at a region intermediate the ends of its inner clamping edge, said resilient gripping elements constituting, when in cooperating relation, a bipartite gripping device adapted to exert pressure in a direction parallel to the sides of said clamping elements upon a strand of hair interposed therebetween, and a swinging latch device to connect said clamping elements in closed relation.

DANIEL LAKENBACH. 

